Moon-Face
by Jack London
Moon-Face (1902) is a darkly comic tale of an unnamed narrator consumed by irrational hatred for his eternally cheerful neighbor — a man whose round, beaming face and booming laugh drive him to murderous obsession. "What right had such a man to be happy? Yet he was an optimist. He was always gleeful and laughing. All things were always all right, curse him!"

John Claverhouse was a moon-faced man. You know the kind, cheek-bones wide apart, chin and forehead melting into the cheeks to complete the perfect round, and the nose, broad and pudgy, equidistant from the circumference, flattened against the very centre of the face like a dough-ball upon the ceiling. Perhaps that is why I hated him, for truly he had become an offense to my eyes, and I believed the earth to be cumbered with his presence. Perhaps my mother may have been superstitious of the moon and looked upon it over the wrong shoulder at the wrong time.
Be that as it may, I hated John Claverhouse. Not that he had done me what society would consider a wrong or an ill turn. Far from it. The evil was of a deeper, subtler sort; so elusive, so intangible, as to defy clear, definite analysis in words. We all experience such things at some period in our lives. For the first time we see a certain individual, one who the very instant before we did not dream existed; and yet, at the first moment of meeting, we say: "I do not like that man." Why do we not like him? Ah, we do not know why; we know only that we do not. We have taken a dislike, that is all. And so I with John Claverhouse.
What right had such a man to be happy? Yet he was an optimist. He was always gleeful and laughing. All things were always all right, curse him! Ah I how it grated on my soul that he should be so happy! Other men could laugh, and it did not bother me. I even used to laugh myself--before I met John Claverhouse.
But his laugh! It irritated me, maddened me, as nothing else under the sun could irritate or madden me. It haunted me, gripped hold of me, and would not let me go. It was a huge, Gargantuan laugh. Waking or sleeping it was always with me, whirring and jarring across my heart-strings like an enormous rasp. At break of day it came whooping across the fields to spoil my pleasant morning revery. Under the aching noonday glare, when the green things drooped and the birds withdrew to the depths of the forest, and all nature drowsed, his great "Ha! ha!" and "Ho! ho!" rose up to the sky and challenged the sun. And at black midnight, from the lonely cross-roads where he turned from town into his own place, came his plaguey cachinnations to rouse me from my sleep and make me writhe and clench my nails into my palms.
I went forth privily in the night-time, and turned his cattle into his fields, and in the morning heard his whooping laugh as he drove them out again. "It is nothing," he said; "the poor, dumb beasties are not to be blamed for straying into fatter pastures."
He had a dog he called "Mars," a big, splendid brute, part deer-hound and part blood-hound, and resembling both. Mars was a great delight to him, and they were always together. But I bided my time, and one day, when opportunity was ripe, lured the animal away and settled for him with strychnine and beefsteak. It made positively no impression on John Claverhouse. His laugh was as hearty and frequent as ever, and his face as much like the full moon as it always had been.
Then I set fire to his haystacks and his barn. But the next morning, being Sunday, he went forth blithe and cheerful.
"Where are you going?" I asked him, as he went by the cross-roads.
"Trout," he said, and his face beamed like a full moon. "I just dote on trout."
Was there ever such an impossible man! His whole harvest had gone up in his haystacks and barn. It was uninsured, I knew. And yet, in the face of famine and the rigorous winter, he went out gayly in quest of a mess of trout, forsooth, because he "doted" on them! Had gloom but rested, no matter how lightly, on his brow, or had his bovine countenance grown long and serious and less like the moon, or had he removed that smile but once from off his face, I am sure I could have forgiven him for existing. But no. he grew only more cheerful under misfortune.
I insulted him. He looked at me in slow and smiling surprise.
"I fight you? Why?" he asked slowly. And then he laughed. "You are so funny! Ho! ho! You'll be the death of me! He! he! he! Oh! Ho! ho! ho!
What would you? It was past endurance. By the blood of Judas, how I hated him! Then there was that name--Claverhouse! What a name! Wasn't it absurd? Claverhouse! Merciful heaven, why Claverhouse? Again and again I asked myself that question. I should not have minded Smith, or Brown, or Jones--but Claverhouse! I leave it to you. Repeat it to yourself--Claverhouse. Just listen to the ridiculous sound of it--Claverhouse! Should a man live with such a name? I ask of you. "No," you say. And "No" said I.
But I bethought me of his mortgage. What of his crops and barn destroyed, I knew he would be unable to meet it. So I got a shrewd, close-mouthed, tight-fisted money-lender to get the mortgage transferred to him. I did not appear but through this agent I forced the foreclosure, and but few days (no more, believe me, than the law allowed) were given John Claverhouse to remove his goods and chattels from the premises. Then I strolled down to see how he took it, for he had lived there upward of twenty years. But he met me with his saucer-eyes twinkling, and the light glowing and spreading in his face till it was as a full-risen moon.
"Ha! ha! ha!" he laughed. "The funniest tike, that youngster of mine! Did you ever hear the like? Let me tell you. He was down playing by the edge of the river when a piece of the bank caved in and splashed him. 'O papa!' he cried; 'a great big puddle flewed up and hit me.'"
He stopped and waited for me to join him in his infernal glee.
"I don't see any laugh in it," I said shortly, and I know my face went sour.
He regarded me with wonderment, and then came the damnable light, glowing and spreading, as I have described it, till his face shone soft and warm, like the summer moon, and then the laugh--"Ha! ha! That's funny! You don't see it, eh? He! he! Ho! ho! ho! He doesn't see it! Why, look here. You know a puddle--"
But I turned on my heel and left him. That was the last. I could stand it no longer. The thing must end right there, I thought, curse him! The earth should be quit of him. And as I went over the hill, I could hear his monstrous laugh reverberating against the sky.
Now, I pride myself on doing things neatly, and when I resolved to kill John Claverhouse I had it in mind to do so in such fashion that I should not look back upon it and feel ashamed. I hate bungling, and I hate brutality. To me there is something repugnant in merely striking a man with one's naked fist--faugh! it is sickening! So, to shoot, or stab, or club John Claverhouse (oh, that name!) did not appeal to me. And not only was I impelled to do it neatly and artistically, but also in such manner that not the slightest possible suspicion could be directed against me.
To this end I bent my intellect, and, after a week of profound incubation, I hatched the scheme. Then I set to work. I bought a water spaniel bitch, five months old, and devoted my whole attention to her training. Had any one spied upon me, they would have remarked that this training consisted entirely of one thing--retrieving. I taught the dog, which I called "Bellona," to fetch sticks I threw into the water, and not only to fetch, but to fetch at once, without mouthing or playing with them. The point was that she was to stop for nothing, but to deliver the stick in all haste. I made a practice of running away and leaving her to chase me, with the stick in her mouth, till she caught me. She was a bright animal, and took to the game with such eagerness that I was soon content.
After that, at the first casual opportunity, I presented Bellona to John Claverhouse. I knew what I was about, for I was aware of a little weakness of his, and of a little private sinning of which he was regularly and inveterately guilty.
"No," he said, when I placed the end of the rope in his hand. "No, you don't mean it." And his mouth opened wide and he grinned all over his damnable moon-face.
"I--I kind of thought, somehow, you didn't like me," he explained. "Wasn't it funny for me to make such a mistake?" And at the thought he held his sides with laughter.
"What is her name?" he managed to ask between paroxysms.
"Bellona," I said.
"He! he!" he tittered. "What a funny name."
I gritted my teeth, for his mirth put them on edge, and snapped out between them, "She was the wife of Mars, you know."
Then the light of the full moon began to suffuse his face, until he exploded with: "That was my other dog. Well, I guess she's a widow now. Oh! Ho! ho! E! he! he! Ho!" he whooped after me, and I turned and fled swiftly over the hill.
The week passed by, and on Saturday evening I said to him, "You go away Monday, don't you?"
He nodded his head and grinned.
"Then you won't have another chance to get a mess of those trout you just 'dote' on."
But he did not notice the sneer. "Oh, I don't know," he chuckled. "I'm going up to-morrow to try pretty hard."
Thus was assurance made doubly sure, and I went back to my house hugging myself with rapture.
Early next morning I saw him go by with a dip-net and gunnysack, and Bellona trotting at his heels. I knew where he was bound, and cut out by the back pasture and climbed through the underbrush to the top of the mountain. Keeping carefully out of sight, I followed the crest along for a couple of miles to a natural amphitheatre in the hills, where the little river raced down out of a gorge and stopped for breath in a large and placid rock-bound pool. That was the spot! I sat down on the croup of the mountain, where I could see all that occurred, and lighted my pipe.
Ere many minutes had passed, John Claverhouse came plodding up the bed of the stream. Bellona was ambling about him, and they were in high feather, her short, snappy barks mingling with his deeper chest-notes. Arrived at the pool, he threw down the dip-net and sack, and drew from his hip-pocket what looked like a large, fat candle. But I knew it to be a stick of "giant"; for such was his method of catching trout. He dynamited them. He attached the fuse by wrapping the "giant" tightly in a piece of cotton. Then he ignited the fuse and tossed the explosive into the pool.
Like a flash, Bellona was into the pool after it. I could have shrieked aloud for joy. Claverhouse yelled at her, but without avail. He pelted her with clods and rocks, but she swam steadily on till she got the stick of "giant" in her mouth, when she whirled about and headed for shore. Then, for the first time, he realized his danger, and started to run. As foreseen and planned by me, she made the bank and took out after him. Oh, I tell you, it was great! As I have said, the pool lay in a sort of amphitheatre. Above and below, the stream could be crossed on stepping-stones. And around and around, up and down and across the stones, raced Claverhouse and Bellona. I could never have believed that such an ungainly man could run so fast. But run he did, Bellona hot-footed after him, and gaining. And then, just as she caught up, he in full stride, and she leaping with nose at his knee, there was a sudden flash, a burst of smoke, a terrific detonation, and where man and dog had been the instant before there was naught to be seen but a big hole in the ground.
"Death from accident while engaged in illegal fishing." That was the verdict of the coroner's jury; and that is why I pride myself on the neat and artistic way in which I finished off John Claverhouse. There was no bungling, no brutality; nothing of which to be ashamed in the whole transaction, as I am sure you will agree. No more does his infernal laugh go echoing among the hills, and no more does his fat moon-face rise up to vex me. My days are peaceful now, and my night's sleep deep.
Frequently Asked Questions about Moon-Face
What is "Moon-Face" by Jack London about?
Moon-Face is a darkly comic tale narrated by an unnamed man who is consumed by an irrational, murderous hatred of his neighbor, John Claverhouse — a cheerful, laughing, eternally optimistic man with a perfectly round, moon-like face. The narrator's attempts to make Claverhouse miserable — poisoning his dog, burning his haystacks and barn, foreclosing on his mortgage — all fail because nothing can dampen Claverhouse's good spirits. Finally, the narrator devises an elaborate murder plan: knowing that Claverhouse illegally catches trout with dynamite, he trains a water spaniel named Bellona to retrieve thrown objects at all costs, then gives the dog to Claverhouse as a gift. When Claverhouse throws a lit stick of dynamite into a pool, Bellona retrieves it and chases him with it in her mouth until it explodes, killing them both. The death is ruled an accident.
What are the themes of "Moon-Face"?
The central theme of Moon-Face is irrational hatred and the darkness of the human psyche. The narrator openly acknowledges that Claverhouse has done him no wrong — his hatred is "of a deeper, subtler sort; so elusive, so intangible, as to defy clear, definite analysis." This makes the story a study in how envy of happiness can metastasize into murderous obsession. The narrator cannot tolerate Claverhouse's joy precisely because it exposes his own misery. A second theme is the unreliability of self-justification — the narrator presents his murder as "neat and artistic" and expects the reader to agree, revealing a chilling moral blindness. The story also touches on the absurdity of human fixation, as the narrator's complaints escalate from the man's face to his laugh to his name to his very existence, each grievance more trivial and unhinged than the last.
Is the narrator of "Moon-Face" an unreliable narrator?
Yes, the narrator of Moon-Face is a classic example of an unreliable narrator. He presents himself as a reasonable, cultured person — someone who "hates bungling" and "hates brutality" — while methodically describing a campaign of animal cruelty, arson, financial ruin, and ultimately murder against a man whose only offense is being cheerful. The narrator's self-awareness is deeply selective: he admits his hatred is irrational, yet treats it as a legitimate grievance. He describes his murder scheme as "neat and artistic" and closes the story with satisfied contentment, expecting the reader's approval. constructs the narration so that the reader is drawn into the narrator's logic before recognizing its monstrousness — a technique that makes the dark comedy effective while simultaneously revealing the narrator's complete moral derangement.
How does the narrator kill John Claverhouse in "Moon-Face"?
The narrator's murder plan is elaborately indirect. Knowing that Claverhouse catches trout illegally by throwing sticks of dynamite ("giant") into pools, the narrator buys a water spaniel puppy named Bellona and trains her exclusively in one skill: retrieving thrown objects from water immediately and chasing her owner to deliver them. He then gives Bellona to Claverhouse as a seemingly generous gift. On the following Sunday, when Claverhouse goes fishing with the dog, he throws a lit stick of dynamite into a pool. Bellona immediately dives in, retrieves it, and chases Claverhouse with the explosive in her mouth. Claverhouse runs, but Bellona catches up, and the dynamite detonates, killing both man and dog. The narrator watches from a mountaintop. The coroner rules it "death from accident while engaged in illegal fishing," and no suspicion falls on the narrator.
When was "Moon-Face" published?
Moon-Face was first published in 1902 and was the title story of 's 1906 collection Moon-Face and Other Stories. The story represents a departure from London's typical Klondike and wilderness fiction, showcasing his skill with black comedy and psychological horror. The first-person narration by a self-satisfied murderer has drawn comparisons to the work of Edgar Allan Poe, particularly stories like The Tell-Tale Heart and The Cask of Amontillado, which similarly feature narrators who murder because of irrational obsessions and justify their crimes with disturbing calm.
What literary devices does Jack London use in "Moon-Face"?
The most important literary device is the unreliable first-person narrator, whose calm, reasonable tone creates a stark contrast with the enormity of his actions. Dark comedy pervades the story — the escalating absurdity of the narrator's grievances (the man's face, his laugh, his name) is simultaneously funny and disturbing. Irony operates on multiple levels: the narrator calls his murder "neat and artistic" and free of "brutality," while it involves the death of an innocent man and an innocent dog. The name "Bellona" — the Roman goddess of war, and also the wife of Mars (Claverhouse's previous dog) — is a darkly witty allusion that foreshadows the dog's role as a weapon. London also uses hyperbole throughout the narrator's descriptions of Claverhouse's laugh and face, reflecting the narrator's distorted perception rather than reality.
What is the significance of the name Bellona in "Moon-Face"?
Bellona is named after the Roman goddess of war, which is itself a darkly ironic joke by the narrator. When Claverhouse asks about the name, the narrator explains, "She was the wife of Mars, you know" — Mars being the name of Claverhouse's previous dog, which the narrator had already killed with strychnine. Claverhouse, oblivious to the sinister undertone, laughs and says, "Well, I guess she's a widow now." The name thus operates on multiple levels: it foreshadows Bellona's role as an instrument of destruction, it connects her to the narrator's previous act of violence (killing Mars), and it reveals the narrator's need to embed clever references in his crimes — treating murder as an intellectual and aesthetic exercise rather than a moral act. The name perfectly captures the story's blend of erudition and psychopathy.
Save stories, build your reading list, and access all study tools — completely free.
Save Moon-Face to your library — it's free!Need help with Moon-Face?
Study tools to help with homework, prepare for quizzes, and deepen your understanding.
Flashcards →