Chapter 61 Pride and Prejudice


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Happy for all her maternal feelings was the day on which Mrs. Bennet got rid of her two most deserving daughters. With what delighted pride she afterwards visited Mrs. Bingley, and talked of Mrs. Darcy, may be guessed. I wish I could say, for the sake of her family, that the accomplishment of her earnest desire in the establishment of so many of her children produced so happy an effect as to make her a sensible, amiable, well-informed woman for the rest of her life; though perhaps it was lucky for her husband, who might not have relished domestic felicity in so unusual a form, that she still was occasionally nervous and invariably silly.

Mr. Bennet missed his second daughter exceedingly; his affection for her drew him oftener from home than any thing else could do. He delighted in going to Pemberley, especially when he was least expected.

Mr. Bingley and Jane remained at Netherfield only a twelvemonth. So near a vicinity to her mother and Meryton relations was not desirable even to his easy temper, or her affectionate heart. The darling wish of his sisters was then gratified; he bought an estate in a neighbouring county to Derbyshire, and Jane and Elizabeth, in addition to every other source of happiness, were within thirty miles of each other.

Kitty, to her very material advantage, spent the chief of her time with her two elder sisters. In society so superior to what she had generally known, her improvement was great. She was not of so ungovernable a temper as Lydia; and, removed from the influence of Lydia's example, she became, by proper attention and management, less irritable, less ignorant, and less insipid. From the farther disadvantage of Lydia's society she was of course carefully kept, and though Mrs. Wickham frequently invited her to come and stay with her, with the promise of balls and young men, her father would never consent to her going.

Mary was the only daughter who remained at home; and she was necessarily drawn from the pursuit of accomplishments by Mrs. Bennet's being quite unable to sit alone. Mary was obliged to mix more with the world, but she could still moralize over every morning visit; and as she was no longer mortified by comparisons between her sisters' beauty and her own, it was suspected by her father that she submitted to the change without much reluctance.

As for Wickham and Lydia, their characters suffered no revolution from the marriage of her sisters. He bore with philosophy the conviction that Elizabeth must now become acquainted with whatever of his ingratitude and falsehood had before been unknown to her; and in spite of every thing, was not wholly without hope that Darcy might yet be prevailed on to make his fortune. The congratulatory letter which Elizabeth received from Lydia on her marriage, explained to her that, by his wife at least, if not by himself, such a hope was cherished. The letter was to this effect:

"My Dear Lizzy,

I wish you joy. If you love Mr. Darcy half as well as I do my dear Wickham, you must be very happy. It is a great comfort to have you so rich, and when you have nothing else to do, I hope you will think of us. I am sure Wickham would like a place at court very much, and I do not think we shall have quite money enough to live upon without some help. Any place would do, of about three or four hundred a year; but however, do not speak to Mr. Darcy about it, if you had rather not.

Your's, &c."

As it happened that Elizabeth had much rather not, she endeavoured in her answer to put an end to every intreaty and expectation of the kind. Such relief, however, as it was in her power to afford, by the practice of what might be called economy in her own private expences, she frequently sent them. It had always been evident to her that such an income as theirs, under the direction of two persons so extravagant in their wants, and heedless of the future, must be very insufficient to their support; and whenever they changed their quarters, either Jane or herself were sure of being applied to for some little assistance towards discharging their bills. Their manner of living, even when the restoration of peace dismissed them to a home, was unsettled in the extreme. They were always moving from place to place in quest of a cheap situation, and always spending more than they ought. His affection for her soon sunk into indifference; her's lasted a little longer; and in spite of her youth and her manners, she retained all the claims to reputation which her marriage had given her.

Though Darcy could never receive him at Pemberley, yet, for Elizabeth's sake, he assisted him farther in his profession. Lydia was occasionally a visitor there, when her husband was gone to enjoy himself in London or Bath; and with the Bingleys they both of them frequently staid so long, that even Bingley's good humour was overcome, and he proceeded so far as to talk of giving them a hint to be gone.

Miss Bingley was very deeply mortified by Darcy's marriage; but as she thought it advisable to retain the right of visiting at Pemberley, she dropt all her resentment; was fonder than ever of Georgiana, almost as attentive to Darcy as heretofore, and paid off every arrear of civility to Elizabeth.

Pemberley was now Georgiana's home; and the attachment of the sisters was exactly what Darcy had hoped to see. They were able to love each other even as well as they intended. Georgiana had the highest opinion in the world of Elizabeth; though at first she often listened with an astonishment bordering on alarm at her lively, sportive, manner of talking to her brother. He, who had always inspired in herself a respect which almost overcame her affection, she now saw the object of open pleasantry. Her mind received knowledge which had never before fallen in her way. By Elizabeth's instructions, she began to comprehend that a woman may take liberties with her husband which a brother will not always allow in a sister more than ten years younger than himself.

Lady Catherine was extremely indignant on the marriage of her nephew; and as she gave way to all the genuine frankness of her character in her reply to the letter which announced its arrangement, she sent him language so very abusive, especially of Elizabeth, that for some time all intercourse was at an end. But at length, by Elizabeth's persuasion, he was prevailed on to overlook the offence, and seek a reconciliation; and, after a little farther resistance on the part of his aunt, her resentment gave way, either to her affection for him, or her curiosity to see how his wife conducted herself; and she condescended to wait on them at Pemberley, in spite of that pollution which its woods had received, not merely from the presence of such a mistress, but the visits of her uncle and aunt from the city.

With the Gardiners, they were always on the most intimate terms. Darcy, as well as Elizabeth, really loved them; and they were both ever sensible of the warmest gratitude towards the persons who, by bringing her into Derbyshire, had been the means of uniting them.

Frequently Asked Questions about Chapter 61 from Pride and Prejudice

What happens in Chapter 61 of Pride and Prejudice?

Chapter 61 is the final chapter and serves as the denouement of Pride and Prejudice. It summarizes the fates of all major characters after the marriages of Elizabeth to Darcy and Jane to Bingley. Bingley purchases an estate near Derbyshire so the sisters can live close together. Kitty improves under her elder sisters' influence, while Wickham and Lydia remain irresponsible and financially dependent. Lady Catherine eventually reconciles with Darcy, and the chapter closes by honoring the Gardiners for their role in uniting the couple.

How does Austen contrast different marriages in the final chapter?

Jane Austen draws sharp contrasts between marriages founded on mutual respect and those based on impulse. Elizabeth and Darcy, and Jane and Bingley, enjoy happiness and stability, while Wickham and Lydia's marriage—born of elopement and social pressure—deteriorates rapidly. Wickham's "affection for her soon sunk into indifference" and the couple lives beyond their means, constantly begging relatives for financial help. This contrast reinforces the novel's central argument that lasting marriages require character, understanding, and genuine affection rather than mere physical attraction or financial desperation.

What role do the Gardiners play in the conclusion of Pride and Prejudice?

The Gardiners receive a significant tribute in the final lines of the novel. Austen notes that Darcy and Elizabeth "really loved them" and remained "ever sensible of the warmest gratitude towards the persons who, by bringing her into Derbyshire, had been the means of uniting them." As middle-class relatives from the city, the Gardiners' prominent place in the Darcys' lives challenges the class snobbery represented by Lady Catherine and Miss Bingley, reinforcing the theme that virtue and genuine warmth matter more than social rank.

How does Kitty Bennet change by the end of the novel?

Kitty Bennet undergoes one of the most positive transformations in Chapter 61. Spending most of her time with Jane and Elizabeth rather than Lydia, she becomes "less irritable, less ignorant, and less insipid." Austen emphasizes that Kitty was never as "ungovernable" as Lydia, and that her earlier behavior was largely the product of Lydia's bad influence. Her father carefully keeps her from visiting the Wickhams, recognizing the importance of environment in shaping character. Kitty's improvement supports the novel's theme that personal growth is possible when one is surrounded by good models and removed from corrupting influences.

What is the significance of Lydia's letter to Elizabeth in Chapter 61?

Lydia's congratulatory letter is a masterpiece of Austen's irony. While ostensibly wishing her sister joy, Lydia immediately pivots to requesting financial patronage, hoping Wickham might receive "a place at court" worth "three or four hundred a year." The letter reveals Lydia's unchanged character—self-centered, mercenary, and oblivious to propriety—while also demonstrating the economic realities facing women in Regency England. Elizabeth's refusal to pass the request to Darcy, paired with her quiet private charity, highlights the moral gulf between the two sisters and Elizabeth's mature understanding of appropriate boundaries.

How does Lady Catherine react to Darcy's marriage, and what brings about their reconciliation?

Lady Catherine de Bourgh is "extremely indignant" upon learning of her nephew's marriage to Elizabeth. She responds with a letter containing "language so very abusive, especially of Elizabeth, that for some time all intercourse was at an end." However, Elizabeth persuades Darcy to "overlook the offence, and seek a reconciliation." Austen wryly notes that Lady Catherine's resentment eventually gives way "either to her affection for him, or her curiosity to see how his wife conducted herself." This reconciliation demonstrates Elizabeth's diplomatic influence on Darcy and suggests that even the most entrenched social prejudices can soften over time.

 

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