Frequently Asked Questions about Chapter 31 - Queen Mab from Moby-Dick; or, The Whale
What is the significance of the title "Queen Mab" in Chapter 31 of Moby-Dick?
The title alludes to Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, in which Mercutio describes Queen Mab as a fairy who visits sleepers and delivers dreams. uses this allusion to frame Stubb’s dream as a vehicle for deeper psychological and symbolic truth, connecting the chapter to a literary tradition in which dreams reveal hidden realities about power, desire, and fate.
What happens in Stubb's dream in Chapter 31?
In the dream, Captain Ahab kicks Stubb with his ivory leg. When Stubb tries to kick back, he knocks off his own leg. Ahab then transforms into a massive pyramid that Stubb cannot damage. A mysterious old merman with a hump on his back appears and argues that being kicked by Ahab’s ivory leg is actually an honor, likening it to being knighted by English royalty. The merman then swims off into the air, and Stubb wakes up in his hammock.
What does the pyramid symbolize in Stubb's dream?
The pyramid represents Ahab’s immovable authority and inhuman grandeur. Just as a pyramid is an ancient, monumental structure that no individual can damage by kicking, Ahab is presented as a force beyond ordinary human challenge. The symbol also connects to the pyramidal hump of the whale, foreshadowing the link between Ahab and Moby Dick himself—both are monumental, inscrutable, and ultimately destructive.
Who is the old merman in Stubb's dream, and what does he represent?
The "badger-haired old merman" with a hump on his back is a mysterious dream figure who counsels Stubb to accept Ahab’s authority. His hump and aquatic nature suggest a connection to whales and the sea itself. He functions as a kind of oracle or supernatural guide, rationalizing Ahab’s despotism by reframing abuse as honor. His stern, described as "stuck full of marlinspikes," warns Stubb that resistance is both futile and painful.
How does Chapter 31 foreshadow Ahab's obsession with the white whale?
The chapter ends with Ahab shouting from the deck: "If ye see a white one, split your lungs for him!" This is one of the first open indications aboard the Pequod that the voyage has a specific, hidden target. Stubb immediately recognizes its significance, telling Flask that Ahab has "that that’s bloody on his mind." This moment prepares the reader for the pivotal quarterdeck scene in Chapter 36, where Ahab reveals his quest to the entire crew.