A Comedy in Rubber

One may hope, in spite of the metaphorists, to avoid the breath of the deadly upas tree; one may, by great good fortune, succeed in blacking the eye of the basilisk; one might even dodge the attentions of Cer- berus and Argus, but no man, alive or dead, can es- cape the gaze of the Rubberer.

New York is the Caoutchouc City. There are many, of course, who go their ways, making money, without turning to the right or the left, but there is a tribe abroad wonderfully composed, like the Martians, solely of eyes and means of locomotion.

These devotees of curiosity swarm, like flies, in a moment in a struggling, breathless circle about the scene of an unusual occurrence. If a workman opens a manhole, if a street car runs over a man from North Tarrytown, if a little boy drops an egg on his way home from the grocery, if a casual house or two drops into the subway, if a lady loses a nickel through a hole in the lisle thread, if the police drag a telephone and a racing chart forth from an Ibsen Society reading-room, if Senator Depew or Mr. Chuck Connors walks out to take the air - if any of these incidents or accidents takes place, you will see the mad, irresistible rush of the "rubber" tribe to the spot.

The importance of the event does not count. They gaze with equal interest and absorption at a cho- rus girl or at a man painting a liver pill sign. They will form as deep a cordon around a man with a club- foot as they will around a balked automobile. They have the furor rubberendi. They are optical glut- tons, feasting and fattening on the misfortunes of their fellow beings. They gloat and pore and glare and squint and stare with their fishy eyes like goggle- eyed perch at the book baited with calamity.

It would seem that Cupid would find these ocular vampires too cold game for his calorific shafts, but have we not yet to discover an immune even among the Protozoa? Yes, beautiful Romance descended upon two of this tribe, and love came into their hearts as they crowded about the prostrate form of a man who had been run over by a brewery wagon.

William Pry was the first on the spot. He was an expert at such gatherings. With an expression of in- tense happiness on his features, be stood over the vic- tim of the accident, listening to his groans as if to the sweetest music. When the crowd of spectators had swelled to a closely packed circle William saw a violent commotion in the crowd opposite him. Men were hurled aside like ninepins by the impact of some moving body that clove them like the rush of a tor- nado. With elbows, umbrella, hat-pin, tongue, and fingernails doing their duty, Violet Seymour forced her way through the mob of onlookers to the first row. Strong men who even had been able to secure a seat on the 5.30 Harlem express staggered back like chil- dren as she bucked centre. Two large lady spectators who bad seen the Duke of Roxburgh married and had often blocked traffic on Twenty-third Street fell back into the second row with ripped shirtwaists when Violet had finished with them. William Pry loved her at first sight.

The ambulance removed the unconscious agent of Cupid. William and Violet remained after the crowd had dispersed. They were true Rubberers. People who leave the scene of an accident with the ambulance have not genuine caoutchouc in the cosmogony of their necks. The delicate, fine flavor of the affair is to be bad only in the after-taste - in gloating over the spot, in gazing fixedly at the houses opposite, in hovering there in a dream more exquisite than the opium-eater's ecstasy. William Pry and Violet Sey- mour were connoisseurs in casualties. They knew bow to extract full enjoyment from every incident.

Presently they looked at each other. Violet had a brown birthmark on her neck as large as a silver half-dollar. William fixed his eyes upon it. William Pry had inordinately bowed legs. Violet allowed her gaze to linger unswervingly upon them. Face to face they stood thus for moments, each staring at the other. Etiquette would not allow them to speak; but in the Caoutchouc City it is permitted to gaze with- out stint at the trees in the parks and at the physi- cal blemishes of a fellow creature. At length with a sigh they parted. But Cupid had been the driver of the brewery wagon, and the wheel that broke a leg united two fond hearts.

The next meeting of the hero and heroine was in front of a board fence near Broadway. The day had been a disappointing one. There had been no fights on the street, children had kept from under the wheels of the street cars, cripples and fat men in negligee shirts were scarce; nobody seemed to be inclined to slip on banana peels or fall down with heart disease. Even the sport from Kokomo, Ind., who claims to be a cousin of ex-Mayor Low and scatters nickels from a cab window, had not put in his appearance. There was nothing to stare at, and William Pry had premonitions of ennui.

But he saw a large crowd scrambling and pushing excitedly in front of a billboard. Sprinting for it, he knocked down an old woman and a child carrying a bottle of milk, and fought his way like a demon into the mass of spectators. Already in the inner line stood Violet Seymour with one sleeve and two gold fill- ings gone, a corset steel puncture and a sprained wrist, but happy. She was looking at what there was to see. A man was painting upon the fence:

"Eat Bricklets - They Fill Your Face."

Violet blushed when she saw William Pry. William jabbed a lady in a black silk raglan in the ribs, kicked a boy in the shin, bit an old gentleman on the left ear and managed to crowd nearer to Violet. They stood for an hour looking at the man paint the letters. Then William's love could be repressed no longer. He touched her on the arm.

"Come with me," he said. "I know where there is a bootblack without an Adam's apple."

She looked up at him shyly, yet with unmistakable love transfiguring her countenance.

"And you have saved it for me?" she asked, trembling with the first dim ecstasy of a woman be- loved.

Together they hurried to the bootblack's stand. An hour they spent there gazing at the malformed youth.

A window-cleaner fell from the fifth story to the sidewalk beside them. As the ambulance came clang- ing up William pressed her hand joyously. "Four ribs at least and a compound fracture," he whispered, swiftly. "You are not sorry that you met me, are you, dearest?

"Me?" said Violet, returning the pressure. "Sure not. I could stand all day rubbering with you."

The climax of the romance occurred a few days later. Perhaps the reader will remember the intense excitement into which the city was thrown when Eliza Jane, a colored woman, was served with a subpoena. The Rubber Tribe encamped on the spot. With his own hands William Pry placed a board upon two beer kegs in the street opposite Eliza Jane's residence. He and Violet sat there for three days and nights. Then it occurred to a detective to open the door and serve the subpoena. He sent for a kinetoscope and did so.

Two souls with such congenial tastes could not long remain apart. As a policeman drove them away with his night stick that evening they plighted their troth. The seeds of love bad been well sown, and had grown up, hardy and vigorous, into a - let us call it a rub- ber plant.

The wedding of William Pry and Violet Seymour was set for June 10. The Big Church in the Middle of the Block was banked high with flowers. The populous tribe of Rubberers the world over is ram- pant over weddings. They are the pessimists of the pews. They are the guyers of the groom and the banterers of the bride. They come to laugh at your marriage, and should you escape from Hymen's tower on the back of death's pale steed they will come to the funeral and sit in the same pew and cry over your luck. Rubber will stretch.

The church was lighted. A grosgrain carpet lay over the asphalt to the edge of the sidewalk. Brides- maids were patting one another's sashes awry and speaking of the Bride's freckles. Coachmen tied white ribbons on their whips and bewailed the space of time between drinks. The minister was musing over his possible fee, essaying conjecture whether it would suffice to purchase a new broadcloth suit for himself and a photograph of Laura Jane Libbey for his wife. Yea, Cupid was in the air.

And outside the church, oh, my brothers, surged and heaved the rank and file of the tribe of Rubberers. in two bodies they were, with the grosgrain carpet and cops with clubs between. They crowded like cattle, they fought, they pressed and surged and swayed and trampled one another to see a bit of a girl in a white veil acquire license to go through a man's pockets while be sleeps. But the hour for the wedding came and went, and the bride and bridegroom came not. And impatience gave way to alarm and alarm brought about search, and they were not found. And then two big police- men took a band and dragged out of the furious mob of onlookers a crushed and trampled thing, with a wedding ring in its vest pocket and a shredded and hysterical woman beating her way to the carpet's edge, ragged, bruised and obstreperous.

William Pry and Violet Seymour, creatures of habit, had joined in the seething game of the specta- tors, unable to resist the overwhelming desire to gaze upon themselves entering, as bride and bridegroom, the rose-decked church.

Rubber will out.


Frequently Asked Questions about A Comedy in Rubber

What is "A Comedy in Rubber" by O. Henry about?

"A Comedy in Rubber" is a satirical short story about two obsessive rubberneckers in New York City — William Pry and Violet Seymour — who fall in love while gawking at a man run over by a brewery wagon. Their shared compulsion to stare at accidents and oddities draws them together, and they become engaged. However, on their wedding day, the couple cannot resist joining the crowd of spectators outside their own church, and they get so caught up in watching the commotion that they miss their own ceremony entirely. The story is a comic parable about how obsessive curiosity can consume even life’s most important moments.

What does the title "A Comedy in Rubber" mean?

The title plays on the slang term "rubber" (short for "rubbernecker"), meaning a nosy person who cranes their neck to stare at accidents, spectacles, or anything unusual in public. O. Henry also references "caoutchouc," the French word for natural rubber, calling New York "the Caoutchouc City." The "comedy" refers to the absurd, farcical situation in which two people whose entire identity revolves around gawking at others ultimately become the spectacle themselves when they miss their own wedding. The rubber metaphor runs throughout — the story ends with the line "Rubber will out."

Who are the main characters in "A Comedy in Rubber"?

The two main characters are William Pry and Violet Seymour, both dedicated members of what O. Henry calls the "Rubber Tribe" — compulsive spectators who rush to the scene of any unusual occurrence. William is described as having "inordinately bowed legs," while Violet has "a brown birthmark on her neck as large as a silver half-dollar." Their physical imperfections become the very thing they first notice about each other, as rubberneckers instinctively fixate on any oddity. Despite their deep love, their shared compulsion to gawk proves stronger than their commitment to their own wedding.

What is the irony in "A Comedy in Rubber"?

The central irony is that William and Violet, who spend their lives as spectators of other people’s dramas, ultimately become the spectacle. On their wedding day, the crowd of rubberneckers gathered outside the church is so irresistible that the bride and groom join the mob of onlookers — trying to watch themselves enter the church. They get trampled and crushed in the crowd, missing their own ceremony. The story’s deeper irony is that the very trait that brought them together (their compulsive curiosity) is also what prevents them from achieving the milestone that would complete their romance.

What is the theme of "A Comedy in Rubber"?

The primary theme is obsessive curiosity and its consequences. O. Henry satirizes the human compulsion to gawk at the misfortunes and spectacles of others, showing how this behavior can become so consuming that it overrides self-interest. Related themes include urban voyeurism — the particular brand of nosiness that thrives in a dense city like New York — and the idea that identity can become a trap. William and Violet are so defined by their role as spectators that they cannot step out of it even for their own wedding. The story also touches on romantic love and how shared obsessions can unite people, for better or worse.

What collection is "A Comedy in Rubber" from?

"A Comedy in Rubber" was published in O. Henry’s 1908 collection The Voice of the City, which contains 25 stories set in New York City. The collection captures the diverse characters and daily dramas of early 20th-century Manhattan, from shop girls and con men to policemen and poets. Like many stories in the collection, "A Comedy in Rubber" uses New York’s crowded streets and public spectacles as both setting and subject, reflecting O. Henry’s deep affection for the city and its colorful inhabitants.

What is a "rubberer" or "rubbernecker" in O. Henry’s story?

In the story, a "rubberer" is a person who compulsively stops to stare at any unusual event in public — an accident, a spectacle, or even something mundane like a man painting a sign. O. Henry describes them as "optical gluttons, feasting and fattening on the misfortunes of their fellow beings" who "gloat and pore and glare and squint and stare with their fishy eyes like goggle-eyed perch." He compares them to a tribe "composed, like the Martians, solely of eyes and means of locomotion." The term comes from the idea of craning or "rubbering" one’s neck to get a better look, a behavior O. Henry saw as quintessentially New York.

What is the ending of "A Comedy in Rubber"?

On their wedding day, with the church decorated and guests waiting, William and Violet never appear at the altar. A search reveals that the bride and groom had joined the mob of spectators gathered outside the church to watch the wedding. Unable to resist their compulsion to rubberneck — even at their own ceremony — they got crushed and trampled in the crowd. Police drag out "a crushed and trampled thing, with a wedding ring in its vest pocket" and a "shredded and hysterical woman." O. Henry closes with the wry observation: "Rubber will out." The ending is the story’s punchline, delivering O. Henry’s signature twist with dark comic irony.

What literary devices does O. Henry use in "A Comedy in Rubber"?

O. Henry employs several distinctive literary devices. Satire drives the entire story, mocking urban voyeurism through exaggeration. Metaphor is central — "caoutchouc" (rubber) becomes a running metaphor for the stretchy, inescapable nature of curiosity. He uses hyperbole extensively, describing Violet’s crowd-fighting prowess with comic excess. Irony provides the twist ending, as the watchers become the watched. Allegory is at work in the characters’ names: "William Pry" (to pry into others’ business) and "Violet Seymour" ("see more"). O. Henry also uses a mock-heroic narrative voice, treating trivial rubbernecking incidents with epic grandeur.

What is the significance of the characters’ names in "A Comedy in Rubber"?

O. Henry chose allegorical names that underscore the story’s theme. William Pry contains the word "pry," meaning to snoop or inquire nosily into other people’s affairs — exactly what a rubbernecker does. Violet Seymour is a play on "see more," reflecting her insatiable desire to observe everything around her. These speaking names (a tradition in satirical literature going back to Restoration comedy and Dickens) signal immediately that the characters are defined entirely by their compulsion to watch. The names also add a layer of comic irony: these are not complex individuals but walking embodiments of a single trait.

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