Moby-Dick; or, The Whale

by Herman Melville


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Chapter 40 - Midnight, Forecastle


Chapter 40 - Midnight, Forecastle from Moby-Dick; or, The Whale

HARPOONEERS AND SAILORS (Foresail rises and discovers the watch standing, lounging, leaning, and lying in various attitudes, all singing in chorus.)

Farewell and adieu to you, Spanish ladies! Farewell and adieu to you, ladies of Spain! Our captain's commanded.-

1ST NANTUCKET SAILOR Oh, boys, don't be sentimental. it's bad for the digestion! Take a tonic, follow me! (Sings, and all follow) Our captain stood upon the deck, A spy-glass in his hand, A viewing of those gallant whales That blew at every strand. Oh, your tubs in your boats, my boys, And by your braces stand, And we'll have one of those fine whales, Hand, boys, over hand! So, be cheery, my lads! may your hearts never fail! While the bold harpooneer is striking the whale!

MATE'S VOICE FROM THE QUARTER-DECK Eight bells there, forward!

2ND NANTUCKET SAILOR Avast the chorus! Eight bells there! d'ye hear, bell-boy? Strike the bell eight, thou Pip! thou blackling! and let me call the watch. I've the sort of mouth for that- the hogshead mouth. So, so, (thrusts his head down the scuttle,) Star-bo-l-e-e-n-s, a-h-o-y! Eight bells there below! Tumble up!

DUTCH SAILOR Grand snoozing to-night, maty; fat night for that. I mark this in our old Mogul's wine; it's quite as deadening to some as filliping to others. We sing; they sleep- aye, lie down there, like ground-tier butts. At 'em again! There, take this copper-pump, and hail 'em through it. Tell 'em to avast dreaming of their lassies. Tell 'em it's the resurrection; they must kiss their last, and come to judgment. That's the way- that's it; thy throat ain't spoiled with eating Amsterdam butter.

FRENCH SAILOR Hist, boys! let's have a jig or two before we ride to anchor in Blanket Bay. What say ye? There comes the other watch. Stand by all legs! Pip! little Pip! hurrah with your tambourine!

PIP (Sulky and sleepy) Don't know where it is.

FRENCH SAILOR Beat thy belly, then, and wag thy ears. Jig it, men, I say; merry's the word; hurrah! Damn me, won't you dance? Form, now, Indian-file, and gallop into the double-shuffle? Throw yourselves! Legs! legs!

ICELAND SAILOR I don't like your floor, maty; it's too springy to my taste. I'm used to ice-floors. I'm sorry to throw cold water on the subject; but excuse me.

MALTESE SAILOR Me too; where's your girls? Who but a fool would take his left hand by his right, and say to himself, how d'ye do? Partners! I must have partners!

SICILIAN SAILOR Aye; girls and a green!- then I'll hop with ye; yea, turn grasshopper!

LONG-ISLAND SAILOR Well, well, ye sulkies, there's plenty more of us. Hoe corn when you may, say I. All legs go to harvest soon. Ah! here comes the music; now for it!

AZORE SAILOR (Ascending, and pitching the tambourine up the scuttle.) Here you are, Pip; and there's the windlass-bits; up you mount! Now, boys! (The half of them dance to the tambourine; some go below; some sleep or lie among the coils of rigging. Oaths a-plenty.)

AZORE SAILOR (Dancing) Go it, Pip! Bang it, bell-boy! Rig it, dig it, stig it, quig it, bell-boy! Make fire-flies; break the jinglers!

PIP Jinglers, you say?- there goes another, dropped off; I pound it so.

CHINA SAILOR Rattle thy teeth, then, and pound away; make a pagoda of thyself.

FRENCH SAILOR Merry-mad! Hold up thy hoop, Pip, till I jump through it! Split jibs! tear yourself!

TASHTEGO (Quietly smoking) That's a white man; he calls that fun: humph! I save my sweat.

OLD MANX SAILOR I wonder whether those jolly lads bethink them of what they are dancing over. I'll dance over your grave, I will- that's the bitterest threat of your night-women, that beat head-winds round corners. O Christ! to think of the green navies and the green-skulled crews! Well, well; belike the whole world's a ball, as you scholars have it; and so 'tis right to make one ballroom of it. Dance on, lads, you're young; I was once.

3D NANTUCKET SAILOR Spell oh!- whew! this is worse than pulling after whales in a calm- give a whiff, Tash. (They cease dancing, and gather in clusters. Meantime the sky darkens- the wind rises.)

LASCAR SAILOR By Brahma! boys, it'll be douse sail soon. The sky-born, high-tide Ganges turned to wind! Thou showest thy black brow, Seeva!

MALTESE SAILOR (Reclining and shaking his cap) It's the waves- the snow's caps turn to jig it now. They'll shake their tassels soon. Now would all the waves were women, then I'd go drown, and chassee with them evermore! There's naught so sweet on earth- heaven may not match it!- as those swift glances of warm, wild bosoms in the dance, when the over-arboring arms hide such ripe, bursting grapes.

SICILIAN SAILOR (Reclining) Tell me not of it! Hark ye, lad- fleet interlacings of the limbs- lithe swayings- coyings- flutterings! lip! heart! hip! all graze: unceasing touch and go! not taste, observe ye, else come satiety. Eh, Pagan? (Nudging.)

TAHITAN SAILOR (Reclining on a mat) Hail, holy nakedness of our dancing girls!- the Heeva-Heeva! Ah! low veiled, high palmed Tahiti! I still rest me on thy mat, but the soft soil has slid! I saw thee woven in the wood, my mat! green the first day I brought ye thence; now worn and wilted quite. Ah me!- not thou nor I can bear the change! How then, if so be transplanted to yon sky? Hear I the roaring streams from Pirohitee's peak of spears, when they leap down the crags and drown the villages?- The blast, the blast! Up, spine, and meet it! (Leaps to his feet.)

PORTUGUESE SAILOR How the sea rolls swashing 'gainst the side! Stand by for reefing, hearties! the winds are just crossing swords, pell-mell they'll go lunging presently.

DANISH SAILOR Crack, crack, old ship! so long as thou crackest, thou holdest! Well done! The mate there holds ye to it stiffly. He's no more afraid than the isle fort at Cattegat, put there to fight the Baltic with storm-lashed guns, on which the sea-salt cakes!

4TH NANTUCKET SAILOR He has his orders, mind ye that. I heard old Ahab tell him he must always kill a squall, something as they burst a waterspout with a pistol- fire your ship right into it!

ENGLISH SAILOR Blood! but that old man's a grand old cove! We are the lads to hunt him up his whale!

ALL Aye! aye!

OLD MANX SAILOR How the three pines shake! Pines are the hardest sort of tree to live when shifted to any other soil, and here there's none but the crew's cursed clay. Steady, helmsman! steady. This is the sort of weather when brave hearts snap ashore, and keeled hulls split at sea. Our captain has his birthmark; look yonder, boys, there's another in the sky lurid- like, ye see, all else pitch black.

DAGGOO What of that? Who's afraid of black's afraid of me! I'm quarried out of it!

SPANISH SAILOR (Aside.) He wants to bully, ah!- the old grudge makes me touchy (Advancing.) Aye, harpooneer, thy race is the undeniable dark side of mankind- devilish dark at that. No offence.

DAGGOO (Grimly) None.

ST. JAGO'S SAILOR That Spaniard's mad or drunk. But that can't be, or else in his one case our old Mogul's fire-waters are somewhat long in working.

5TH NANTUCKET SAILOR What's that I saw- lightning? Yes.

SPANISH SAILOR No; Daggoo showing his teeth.

DAGGOO (Springing) Swallow thine, mannikin! White skin, white liver!

SPANISH SAILOR (Meeting him) Knife thee heartily! big frame, small spirit!

ALL A row! a row! a row!

TASHTEGO (With a whiff) A row a'low, and a row aloft- Gods and men- both brawlers! Humph!

BELFAST SAILOR A row! arrah a row! The Virgin be blessed, a row! Plunge in with ye!

ENGLISH SAILOR Fair play! Snatch the Spaniard's knife! A ring, a ring!

OLD MANX SAILOR Ready formed. There! the ringed horizon. In that ring Cain struck Abel. Sweet work, right work! No? Why then, God, mad'st thou the ring?

MATE'S VOICE FROM THE QUARTER-DECK Hands by the halyards! in top-gallant sails! Stand by to reef topsails!

ALL The squall! the squall! jump, my jollies! (They scatter.)

PIP (Shrinking under the windlass) Jollies? Lord help such jollies! Crish, crash! there goes the jib-stay! Blang-whang! God! Duck lower, Pip, here comes the royal yard! It's worse than being in the whirled woods, the last day of the year! Who'd go climbing after chestnuts now? But there they go, all cursing, and here I don't. Fine prospects to 'em; they're on the road to heaven. Hold on hard! Jimmini, what a squall! But those chaps there are worse yet- they are your white squalls, they. White squalls? white whale, shirr! shirr! Here have I heard all their chat just now, and the white whale- shirr! shirr!- but spoken of once! and only this evening- it makes me ingle all over like my tambourine- that anaconda of an old man swore 'em in to hunt him! Oh! thou big white God aloft there somewhere in yon darkness, have mercy on this small black boy down here; preserve him from all men that have no bowels to feel fear!

Frequently Asked Questions about Chapter 40 - Midnight, Forecastle from Moby-Dick; or, The Whale

Why is Chapter 40 of Moby-Dick written as a play?

Herman Melville writes Chapter 40 in full dramatic form—with stage directions, character labels, and dialogue—to present the voices of over a dozen sailors without filtering them through Ishmael's first-person narration. This technique allows each crew member to speak in his own idiom, revealing cultural identity and personality directly. The playlet format also emphasizes the performative, almost theatrical quality of the midnight revelry and foreshadows the chapter's shift from communal celebration to violent conflict.

What happens in Chapter 40: Midnight, Forecastle of Moby-Dick?

At midnight on the Pequod's forecastle, the multinational crew gathers to sing sea shanties and dance, energized by the wine Captain Ahab served during his quarter-deck oath ceremony. A French Sailor calls for a jig, and Pip is pressed into service with his tambourine. The mood shifts when a Spanish Sailor makes a racial taunt at Daggoo, the African harpooneer, and the two nearly fight with knives. A sudden squall interrupts the conflict, scattering the crew to their stations. The chapter ends with Pip's soliloquy, in which he prays for divine protection and draws a haunting connection between "white squalls" and the "white whale."

What role does Pip play in Chapter 40 of Moby-Dick?

Pip, the young Black boy from Alabama, serves two roles in this chapter. First, he is pressed into musical service, reluctantly playing the tambourine for the crew's midnight dance. Second, and more importantly, he delivers the chapter's closing soliloquy, in which he cowers under the windlass during the squall. His speech is the most perceptive in the chapter: he connects the phrase "white squalls" to the white whale, recognizes Ahab's manipulation ("that anaconda of an old man swore 'em in to hunt him!"), and prays to the "big white God" for mercy. Pip's vulnerability and insight foreshadow his later psychological breakdown at sea.

What is the conflict between Daggoo and the Spanish Sailor in Chapter 40?

The conflict erupts when the Spanish Sailor makes a racist remark, calling Daggoo's race "the undeniable dark side of mankind—devilish dark at that." Daggoo responds with restrained grimness at first, but when the Spaniard escalates his taunts, Daggoo springs at him, shouting "White skin, white liver!" The two draw knives and the crew forms a ring for the fight. The Old Manx Sailor observes that the ring mirrors the horizon itself and recalls that "In that ring Cain struck Abel." The brawl is interrupted only by the arrival of a violent squall, which forces all hands to the rigging. The scene illustrates the racial tensions simmering beneath the crew's surface camaraderie.

How does Ahab's influence affect the crew in Chapter 40?

Although Ahab does not appear in this chapter, his influence pervades it. The Dutch Sailor explicitly attributes the crew's revelry to "our old Mogul's wine"—the drink Ahab served when binding the crew to hunt Moby Dick. As critics have noted, the wine and celebration serve a strategic purpose: by keeping the crew either drunk and sleeping or dancing wildly, Ahab prevents anyone from soberly reflecting on the dangerous oath they have just sworn. The 4th Nantucket Sailor further reveals Ahab's reckless authority, noting that Ahab ordered Starbuck to "kill a squall" by firing the ship right into it. Pip alone sees through this manipulation, calling Ahab "that anaconda of an old man."

What is the significance of the storm at the end of Chapter 40?

The storm that closes the chapter operates on both literal and symbolic levels. Literally, it is a squall that forces the mate to call all hands to reef the topsails, ending the revelry and the knife fight simultaneously. Symbolically, the storm serves as pathetic fallacy—the natural world mirroring and amplifying the human conflict that has just erupted. As Tashtego dryly observes, "Gods and men—both brawlers!"—the storm above and the fight below are parallel expressions of chaos. The storm also foreshadows the larger destruction to come: the Pequod's voyage, driven by Ahab's monomaniacal oath, will end in catastrophic confrontation with nature itself.

 

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